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Traditional X-ray detectors use bulk crystals, which limits their resolution. In this project, financed by an ERC Starting Grant, we are developing vertical arrays of nanowires as high-resolution X-ray detectors. We have shown that X-rays can be detected by single nanowires, with much higher spatial resolution than commercial systems [Chayanun 2020].X-rays that are absorbed in a semiconductor exci

https://www.sljus.lu.se/nanostructured-x-ray-detectors-and-x-ray-beam-induced-current-xbic - 2025-10-29

X-ray diffraction can be used to study strain, piezoelectricity and heating in crystalline samples. Modern X-ray optics can reach well below 100 nm focus size, and with coherent phase retrieval methods the spatial resolution can reach around 10 nm. Hard X-rays can penetrate through thick samples, allowing measurements of operational devices [Wallentin 2016]. We use such methods to investigate a wi

https://www.sljus.lu.se/nanoscale-coherent-x-ray-diffraction - 2025-10-29

  We have recently shown that it is possible to image ferroelastic domains inside nanowires of the metal halide perovskite CsPbBr3 [Marcal 2020] [Marcal 2024]. High temporal resolution can be achieved with full-field methods [Marcal 2022]. A presentation by Lucas Marcal on these results can be found here. Similar methods can be used to image ferrolastic domains induced by AFM [Marcal 2021]. We als

https://www.sljus.lu.se/x-ray-imaging-ferroic-domains - 2025-10-29

In this project, we have built a phase contrast X-ray tomograph based on a microfocus Cu source. Traditional X-ray imaging is based on absorption contrast, which has poor contrast for small and weakly absorbing samples. Much better contrast can be achieved using phase contrast [Dierks 2020]. The system is based on a microfocus X-ray source with a Cu target, a high-resolution detector and a high-pr

https://www.sljus.lu.se/phase-contrast-tomography - 2025-10-29

SummaryLight is indisputably at the origin of life on earth, driving all photo-chemical reactions in atmosphere, biological systems, and “man-made" energy related materials. On the atomic scale level, we can describe these photo-chemical reactions, through a multitude of elementary processes occurring on the ultrafast time scale (from sub femtosecond to picosecond) where the initial energy/light h

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research-landing-page/ultrafast-dynamics-small-quantum-systems-sqs - 2025-10-29

SummaryTechnical and industrial relevant chemical processes such as catalysis and electrochemistry occur at solid surfaces in complex environments in terms of material composition, pressure, temperature and medium. As a consequence, the atomic scale structure and the environmental composition close to the active material which governs the chemical processes are notoriously difficult to determine.T

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research-landing-page/catalysis-and-electrochemistry - 2025-10-29

Summary Electron spectroscopy has provided much of our current knowledge on the chemical and physical processes involved in the complex interactions between a solid surface and its surroundings. Such processes are for example important for surface catalysis, corrosion and thin film growth.As the surface state depends strongly on its environment, it is vital that such studies are performed under re

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research-landing-page/ambient-pressure-xps - 2025-10-29

Summary The interactions of electrons in materials are a rich and complex source of physical problems, in part due to the issues brought about by dealing with the large number of electronic many-body interactions, both with other electrons and with the parent ions.  These interactions give rise to fundamentally quantum mechanical states such as superconductivity and magnetism.  New quantum states

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research-landing-page/magnetism-and-superconductivity - 2025-10-29

SummaryWe develop and use methods for analysis of nanostructures with highest possible spatial and temporal resolution. One aim of this research is to understand the role of the surfaces and interfaces for their function and properties. Another goal is to study devices under as realistic conditions as possible. The aim is both fundamental physical understanding as well as enabling the design of no

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research-landing-page/semiconductor-nanostructures - 2025-10-29

SummaryAccelerator physics deals with how particle beams are created, accelerated, steered, measured and controlled to finally be tailored to specific purposes. This is relevant for laboratories such as ESS, CERN and the MAX IV, but also for medicine or semi-conductor development.The focus of the Accelerator Physics group is on electron accelerators to produce synchrotron radiation. While our main

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research-landing-page/accelerator-physics - 2025-10-29

SummaryWe develop and use novel methods for X-ray imaging with the highest possible spatial and temporal resolution.To this end, we use a wide range of X-ray imaging methods at different synchrotrons, including MAX IV in Lund, X-ray free-electron lasers, including European XFEL, as well as lab source systems. We collaborate with many other researchers, in particular at Lund University, MAX IV, and

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research/x-ray-imaging - 2025-10-29

Find publications in the research portalIn the Lund University Research Portal you can search for:Active researchers and doctoral students within our research areasResearch outputs, for example publicationsResearch projectsResearch infrastructuresResearch unitsThe Division’s profile in Lund University’s Research Portal Finished Bachelor's and Master's projects Finished degree projects at the Divis

https://www.sljus.lu.se/publications - 2025-10-29

Adresses Visiting addressLund UniversityDepartment of PhysicsDivision of Synchrotron Radiation ResearchProfessorsgatan 1SE-223 63 LundDelivery addressLund UniversityDepartment of PhysicsDivision of Synchrotron Radiation ResearchInstrumentmakaregränden 6SE-223 62 LundPostal addressLund UniversityDepartment of PhysicsDivision of Synchrotron Radiation ResearchBox 118SE-221 00 LundSweden Invoice addre

https://www.sljus.lu.se/contact - 2025-10-29

Ultrafast dynamics in small quantum systems Exploring the fundamental processes driven by light Catalysis and electrochemistry Catalysts and electrodes at work studied by light Ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Making the next generation of 2D materials Magnetism and superconductivity Studying quantum states of matter Semiconductor nanostructures analysis Nanodevices at smallest ti

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research - 2025-10-29

Photoionization dynamics Attosecond pulses created by high harmonic generation (HHG) in gases allow us to study fundamental light-matter interaction processes with novel experimental techniques. The ultrashort light pulse leads to the creation of a wave packet that can be exploited to investigate attosecond dynamics in ionized systems. We apply interferometric techniques to access the correlated m

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research/ultrafast-dynamics-small-quantum-systems-sqs/attoscience - 2025-10-29

Imaging dynamics of small molecules Intensity distribution of emitted proton (H+) and oxygen ion (O)+ viewed by our detector when the water molecule is resonantly excited by X-rays.Atoms and molecules in electronically excited states decay via various processes which lead to bond breaking and ion formation, producing neutral and charged constituents that react with their neighbors. These processes

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research/ultrafast-dynamics-small-quantum-systems-sqs/imaging-dynamics-molecules - 2025-10-29

Cluster dynamics - a step towards complexity Photoinduced processes in complex systems can be modeled as a sequence of events initiated by the absorption of a photon. Photoionization of an atomic electron is followed by electronic relaxation which results in a migration of charge within the atom. The need to understand how this initial event leads to higher ionization states and dynamic effects in

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research/ultrafast-dynamics-small-quantum-systems-sqs/dynamics-clusters - 2025-10-29

Instrumentation: Imaging spectroscopies View of an ion spectrometer together with the particle trajectory inside (center). Image of the the particles on a detector (right).Instrumentation for carrying out multicoincidence expeirments between ionized fragments and photoelectrons is developed within the group. Design and characterization studies have been carried out for a high-resolution three-dime

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research/ultrafast-dynamics-small-quantum-systems-sqs/momentum-imaging-spectroscpy - 2025-10-29

The goal of the investigations is to gain an increased understanding of the complex catalytic reactions, for applications in the production of technical catalysts to enhance the reaction rates and improve the selectivity. Our approach is to use appropriate model systems that can be structural and chemically characterized by established surface science techniques for later operando investigations [

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research-landing-page/catalysis-and-electrochemistry/thermal-catalysis - 2025-10-29

It is next to impossible to perform operando experiments without prior detailed atom scale information on the model catalyst, due to the complexity of the gas-surface interaction and the data interpretation. We will therefore apply our standard UHV surface science techniques available to us such as Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM), High Resolution Core Level Spectroscopy (HRCLS), Low-Energy El

https://www.sljus.lu.se/research-landing-page/catalysis-and-electrochemistry/model-catalysts - 2025-10-29